Polymerisation

6(a) CO and H O / in words 1 2 2 6(b)(i) 1 if more than one unit drawn ALLOW one repeat unit identified 6(b)(ii) 2 M1: presence of an ester group from the diol and COOH OR presence of an ester group from the fumaric acid and OH M2: rest of repeat unit including ‘dangling’ bonds 6(b)(iii) C—C bonds are non-polar / polyalkenes cannot be hydrolysed 1 OR polyesters / they can be broken down by hydrolysis 6(c) 2 © UCLES 2021 Page 10 of 13 6(d) 3 M1: (can be in words or diagram) substrate shape is complementary to active site M2: (can be in words or diagram) the substrate bind / bonds / fits (into the active site) M3: (can be in words or diagram) products are released Question Answer Marks

8(a) M1 chloroethanoic acid > ethanoic acid > phenol > ethanol 4 M2 correct link of acidity once can be implied from M1 weakens O—H / carboxylate anion stabilised M3 / M4 explanation linked to structure  (ClCH CO H > ethanoic acid) due to electronegative / electron withdrawing / negative inductive effect of Cl 2 2  (ethanoic acid > phenol) due to electronegative / electron withdrawing / negative inductive effect of COOH / C=O  (phenol > ethanol) due to lone pair of oxygen overlapping / delocalised into the ring  (ethanol weakest) alkyl group is electron donating / positive inductive effect two for one mark, four for two marks © UCLES 2022 Page 13 of 16 8(b)  oxidation 2  (solution) decolourises OR purple  colourless / pale pink OR bubbles  HOOCCOOH + [O]  2CO + H O 2 2 OR 5HOOCCOOH + 2MnO – + 6H+  10CO + 8H O + 2Mn2+ 4 2 2 two for one mark, three for two marks 8(c) 2 M1 M2 8(d) 2 M1 peptide linkage shown displayed with saturated C each side M2 rest of structure correct AND continuation bonds © UCLES 2022 Page 14 of 16 8(e) addition polymers do not hydrolyse 1 OR condensation polymers can hydrolyse

6(a)(i) carboxylic acid, amine, alkene 2 Two correct for one mark, three correct for two marks © UCLES 2023 Page 12 of 17 6(a)(ii) 2 optical Two correct for one mark, three correct for two marks. 6(b)(i) 1 6(b)(ii) hydrolysis 1 6(c)(i) 1 © UCLES 2023 Page 13 of 17 6(c)(ii) 2 M1 amide linkage displayed correctly M2 rest of the structure correct 6(c)(iii) condensation polymers can be hydrolysed 1 Question Answer Marks

6(a)(i) carboxylic acid, amine, alkene 2 Two correct for one mark, three correct for two marks © UCLES 2023 Page 12 of 17 6(a)(ii) 2 optical Two correct for one mark, three correct for two marks. 6(b)(i) 1 6(b)(ii) hydrolysis 1 6(c)(i) 1 © UCLES 2023 Page 13 of 17 6(c)(ii) 2 M1 amide linkage displayed correctly M2 rest of the structure correct 6(c)(iii) condensation polymers can be hydrolysed 1 Question Answer Marks

4(a) 4 polymer type of polymerisation structure of monomer X condensation H (CH ) CO H 2 2 5 2 OR NH (CH ) COCl 2 2 5 Y addition CH =CHCO CH 2 2 3 Z condensation CH CH(OH)CO H 3 2 OR CH CH(OH)COCl 3 Type of polymerisation (all three) = [1] Structure of monomers = [1] for each structure 4(b) pH (where) the species is a zwitterion (is the dominant form) 1 OR pH (where) the species is (electrically) neutral OR pH (where) the species has a (net overall) charge of zero 4(c)(i) 2 Glu Lys Gly + - Start point M1: Gly correct M2: Glu and Lys correct 4(c)(ii) it would move towards the positive terminal / anode / side / end or to the left 1 © Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2025 Page 11 of 17

10(a) ethan(e)dioyl (di)chloride / oxalyl chloride 1 A ethdioyl (di)chloride, oxal(di)oyl (di)chloride, oxalic acid dichloride, oxalic dichloride I numbers. I ethanoyl dichloride, ethanediacyl (di)chloride, diethanoyl (di)chloride. 10(b)(i) 2 A skeletal, but beware leading/trailing bonds. A [1] if NH has incorrect number of H’s. M1 one correct amide link displayed A additional atoms if outside of bracketed M2 exactly one RU, trailing bonds, no errors repeat unit. A –NH–. correct amide link should be attached to a C at each end, e.g. C–CO–NH–C, and not Cl–CO–NH–. 10(b)(ii) condensation and 1 I CONH as linkage. (poly) amide (group/bond/linkage) A polyamide for amide. I peptide. 10(c) LiAlH or acceptable name 1 CON aqueous / (aq). 4 (A H and Ni / Pt / Pd and Heat and 2 pressure). 10(d) ammonia 1 CON aqueous / (aq) / alkaline. heat sealed tube/pressure © Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2026 Page 21 of 21 Trace ID: PC-0F078E40FE Re-uploading, mirroring or re-hosting this file on any other website or domain is unauthorised and traceable. Licensed for hosting on papacambridge.com only. P97a01p/4a4 CMaarkm Scbhermide gJuene 2·0 2p6 a| Spoaurccea: mpapbarciadmgbreid.gceo.comm 9701/44 Mark Scheme June 2026 Downloaded from PapaCambridge - https://papacambridge.com/